NGHS AP World History- Open 24 Hours a Day!: Unit 13 Test Discussion Board

Monday, March 30, 2009

Unit 13 Test Discussion Board

Feel free to bounce questions off of each other in preparation for the test tomorrow. There is only more unit test this year after this one, so study well...

110 comments:

parkthomas said...: it went stalin -> Krushav --> gorbachev?; Mon Mar 30, 04:41:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: lenin->stalin->kruschev->Brezhnev->Gorbachev; Mon Mar 30, 04:47:00 PM
Anonymous said...: what was the final solution? and was hegemony when they put everything into one of the same?; Mon Mar 30, 04:48:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: scratch that

lenin->stalin->kruschev->Brezhnev->Andropov->Chernenko->Gorbachev

Andropov and Chernenko died shorlty after getting in office; Mon Mar 30, 04:50:00 PM
jessicafritz said...: what do we need to know about manchuria?; Mon Mar 30, 04:54:00 PM
parkthomas said...: ah. thanks alec; Mon Mar 30, 04:58:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: Manchuria

remember the Mukden incident in 1931 in which the Japanese falsely justified an invasion of Manchuria after the Japanese staged a bombing of a Japanese railroad in Manchuria. From Manchuria the Japanese launched an invasion of China in 1937. Manchuria was made into Manchuquo (the "president" was Puyi the last Qing emperor who was used by the Japanese as a puppet), a Japanese puppet state. It is important to remember that conflict in Manchuria was not new. The Japanese fought the Russians in the Russo-Japanese war for parts of Manchuria, and in WWI the Japanese extended their influence in China.; Mon Mar 30, 05:00:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: manchukuo*; Mon Mar 30, 05:01:00 PM
jessicafritz said...: Okay thanks; Mon Mar 30, 05:02:00 PM
Tyler said...: Can someone tell me what Anschluss is?; Mon Mar 30, 05:09:00 PM
jessicafritz said...: What was "asia for asians"?; Mon Mar 30, 05:09:00 PM
jessicafritz said...: also what do we need to know about the invasion of china and the nonaggression pact?; Mon Mar 30, 05:12:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: anschluss "union"

joining of Austria with Germany in 1928 which clearly violated the treaty of Versailles, bottom of page 1036; Mon Mar 30, 05:13:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: Asia for Asians is the idea that Asia should be ruled by Asians, not foreigners. This in reality was Asia for Japanese

check out this document for further insight

http://nghsapworld.blogspot.com/2009/03/world-war-ii-japanese-memories.html; Mon Mar 30, 05:15:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: I'd be familiar with the rape of Nanjing, check out pages 1033-1035

The nonagression pact was between Stalin and Hitler in 1939 which they stated neither will attack eachother. It was violated by Hitler in 1941 when the Germans invaded Russia. This invasion is known as operation barbarossa; Mon Mar 30, 05:19:00 PM
Tyler said...: Thanks Alec.; Mon Mar 30, 05:21:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: *anschluss was 1938; Mon Mar 30, 05:23:00 PM
Anonymous said...: Stalingrad??; Mon Mar 30, 05:39:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: stalingrad is the battle in which the russians became on the offensive and the Germans became on the defensive. This is the turning point of wwii; Mon Mar 30, 05:41:00 PM
Anonymous said...: thanks; Mon Mar 30, 05:48:00 PM
Anonymous said...: M.A.D.?? whats is this; Mon Mar 30, 05:53:00 PM
Anonymous said...: M.A.D= Mutually assured destruction

that is describing the achievment of the superpowers in nuclea weapons.; Mon Mar 30, 06:04:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: yes, MAD is the idea that because both of the superpowers possessed such great nuclear technology, an attack would result in a counterattack and everyone would be destroyed, so nobody dared to attack with nuclear weapons

Reagan was criticized for abandoning MAD when he reinvigorated the arms race. Check out the Reagan doc on the blog. The "evil empire" speech. The nuclear freeze movement was a direct result of Reagan's arms race.; Mon Mar 30, 06:22:00 PM
Josh said...: Wat is the yalta confrence?; Mon Mar 30, 07:11:00 PM
Anonymous said...: wow! thats exactly what iwas working on!!

the yalta conference is one of the confernces among the allies. in this conference germany was completely divided and broken down so that it wouldn't rise, and the U.N was formed.; Mon Mar 30, 07:20:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: yalta conference is the second to last conference between the Allies during WWII. It was agreed that Stalin would enter the war after a couple moths of Germany's surrender, that war criminals would be tried, and conflict arose of how East Europe should be handled.; Mon Mar 30, 07:22:00 PM
Anonymous said...: Appeasement was basically Britain and France being big suck ups to Germany about starting another war....and letting all the Treaty of Versaille violations slide RIGHT??; Mon Mar 30, 07:36:00 PM
Anonymous said...: Oh and at the Potsdam Conference is when U.s. and Soviet Union divided up Korea right? (38th parallel)??; Mon Mar 30, 07:37:00 PM
Anonymous said...: yes ashley thats practically it..; Mon Mar 30, 07:38:00 PM
Akshay Gopalakrishnan said...: yup ashley that's correct.; Mon Mar 30, 07:39:00 PM
Anonymous said...: yeah potsdam is where korea was divided and where germany was OFFICIALLY divided.; Mon Mar 30, 07:39:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: hey Ashley, check out the Chamberlain document post for more on appeasement. Except he called it "peace in our time"; Mon Mar 30, 07:51:00 PM
Anonymous said...: ahhhh...Alec its like Mr. Prill is paying you to advertise his blogs and be "Mr. Prill
for tonight....its really funny.

And yes I will check out that Chamberlain blog post :P; Mon Mar 30, 07:53:00 PM
Theresa Dang said...: hey what was the Muchich Conference ?; Mon Mar 30, 07:54:00 PM
Anonymous said...: theresa,

thats when germany appeased y taking Sudetenland and by saying that that is where they will stop expanding. Britain and France wer desperate to avoid war. when hitler violated this agreement, there had to be war.; Mon Mar 30, 08:20:00 PM
Katelyn Niemann said...: okay. i feel like i need to say, "Alec, what's..." neways...
what's the Final Solution, Lebensraum, and the diff btwn the EU and UN? i don't have them in my notes...; Mon Mar 30, 08:34:00 PM
Theresa Dang said...: thanks Nidhi :]; Mon Mar 30, 08:39:00 PM
Anonymous said...: The final solution to solve the problem of the Jews by Hitler, this was when Germny invaded the Soviet Union andd killed entire populations of Jews, Gypsies, and Slavs, so the FINAL SOLUTION was the attempted murder of every Jew living in Europe; Mon Mar 30, 08:41:00 PM
Anonymous said...: The Final Solution was the last way they thought of to massacre th jews..i think it had to do with giving them gas showers that killed them.

Lebensraum means "living space". Hitler used this to justify his actions of expanding by saying that the germans needed "space" to live.

The EU is the European Union which is what practically united europe after 100s of years, it united them economically (same currency).

The UN is the United Nations, these not only consist of european countries but of outside countries like the U.S.A. It was to solve world problems and to prevent war and protecting UN coutnies that are being attacked by outside forces, bt they were only for defense not offense. It was able to levy economic sanction and can have a diplomatic protest.; Mon Mar 30, 08:42:00 PM
Monica Enlow said...: does anyone have a study guide and a scanner they'd be willing to use in order to help me out?

i wasn't here friday and was a moron who forgot to get one from prill today. >.<

thank you to whoever can help me out! post and i'll give you my email. (:; Mon Mar 30, 08:44:00 PM
Anonymous said...: also for final solution, its final because the ways they tried before were to persecute jews so that they would run out of germany, but that didn't work exactly so they went ahead and killed them so that they can never come back.

ur welcome teresa!; Mon Mar 30, 08:44:00 PM
Katelyn Niemann said...: thanks!!! i feel pretty well about this test now, or as good as it's gunna get... thanks again.; Mon Mar 30, 08:45:00 PM
Anonymous said...: Study Guide---

World War 2:
Axis powers
Manchuria
Rape of Nanjing
appeasement
munich conference
warsaw pact
operation barbarossa
D-day
Stalingrad
pearl harbor
yalta conference
Allied powers
invasion of china
Tripartite Pact
Anschluss
Nonaggression Pact
blitzkrieg
the Final Solution
Lebensraum
Asia for Asians
Cash and Carry and Lend Lease prog.
Potsdam conference

Cold War:
Truman Doctrine
Molotov Plan (COMECON)
UN
Warsaw Pact
Korean War
M.A.D
Berlin Blockade
Nikita Khrushev
de-Stalinization
Brezhnev Doctrine
hegemony
dentente
perestroika
solidarity, lech walesa
nonalignment
marshall plan
iron curtain
NATO
OEEC, EU
domino theory
38th parallel
Cuban missile crisis
Berlin wall
Betty Friedan
Hungary
Prague Spring
Vietnam
Mikhail Gorbachev
glasnost
Velvet Revolution

Thsi is the study guide..hope it helps!!; Mon Mar 30, 08:51:00 PM
Anonymous said...: no problem!!

sorry about taking up so much room!! if i scanned it it would not be legible cause i had stuff all around it, so i just typed it up...i hope the whole list thing isn't confusing the way i typed!!; Mon Mar 30, 08:53:00 PM
Anonymous said...: D-day is when the allied forces went through the france into germany to attack, right?; Mon Mar 30, 09:00:00 PM
Kirsten said...: Who is Betty Friedan?

And D-Day was when Great British and U.S. forces finally opened a western front on germany. It was in Normandy beach, in France; Mon Mar 30, 09:07:00 PM
Anonymous said...: D-day is June 6, 1944 British and US troops landed on he french coast of normandy, te germans were overwhelmed, they bobmbed Germany tons and German couldnt keep up on more than one front; Mon Mar 30, 09:08:00 PM
Anonymous said...: Betty Friedan was the woman who was the leader in the womens rights and openness.; Mon Mar 30, 09:11:00 PM
Anonymous said...: thanks guys!!; Mon Mar 30, 09:11:00 PM
Anonymous said...: Betty Friedman published THE FEMININE MYSTIQUE (its a blog post) and it talked about the unhappiness of the women in the United States tat had the best life that te United States could offer; Mon Mar 30, 09:12:00 PM
Monica Enlow said...: ohmygoodness! thank you so much nidhi!!!! you're a life saver.; Mon Mar 30, 09:12:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: Betty Friedan wrote the Feminine Mystique, which basically said that women in America and in particular, suburbia were not happy with domestic containment, the idea that communism should be combatted at home by having a solid patriotic family, with the father working and the mother providing a solid foundation, filling the husband's sexual appetite, raising patriotic children, and the works. She called this "the problem that has no name" becuase nobody talked about it openly and psychologists avoided it.

Blog doc on Betty Friedan:

http://nghsapworld.blogspot.com/2009/03/feminine-mystique.html; Mon Mar 30, 09:14:00 PM
madison archer said...: Ok this is kind of a lot to ask but it should be easy for some people (alec). I wasn't at school wednesday so does anyone remember anything important Prill went over that day? I think that was the Vietnam day.; Mon Mar 30, 09:14:00 PM
Kirsten said...: Thanks guys :]

Also, what is hegemony and OEEC?; Mon Mar 30, 09:20:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: what is the last thing in your notes from Tues?; Mon Mar 30, 09:21:00 PM
Ji Young Chung said...: is manchuria and china different?

would the full scale invasion in china (1937) and rape of nanjing be included in manchuria?; Mon Mar 30, 09:23:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: and first on Thurs?; Mon Mar 30, 09:23:00 PM
Monica Enlow said...: does anyone know the OEEC?
or solidarity/lech walesa??

muchas gracias. (:; Mon Mar 30, 09:23:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: Julia, Mancuria is the NE region of China right above Korea. The rape of Nanjing and invasion of Manchuria are different. The Manchus are a different ethnic group from the Han Chinese. The region of Manchuria served as a staging for the 1937 incasion, but they are two different things. Manchuria is still a region of China though.; Mon Mar 30, 09:25:00 PM
madison archer said...: The last thing I have from Tuesday is the cuban missile crisis.; Mon Mar 30, 09:25:00 PM
Anonymous said...: If it was vietnam day then here are some of my notes. Vietnam war started in 1964. Leader in vietnam= Ho chi Minh hes marxist but expects support from U.S. didn't get it because he's marxist. Vietnam decide to have an election and then untie vietnam again.( it was divided because of the Geneva conference). US rigg elections so ho chi minh doesn't win. Viets pissed. Thats the beginning.; Mon Mar 30, 09:28:00 PM
Kirsten said...: Solidarity was an underground political party in Poland. When Poland got its independence from the Soviet Union, this was the main party. Lech Walesa was the first president that was elected from this party.; Mon Mar 30, 09:28:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: OEEC is the orginization that carried out the Marshall plan

http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/europe/oeec.html

solidarity is the democratic party in Poland that gained prominance after "sinatra doctrine", lech walesa was elected as head of Solidarity during elections after "Sinatra doctrine" was implemented; Mon Mar 30, 09:28:00 PM
Anonymous said...: oops i said untie! i meant unite :]]; Mon Mar 30, 09:30:00 PM
madison archer said...: Thanks for your help guys and alec the first thing in my notes on thursday is the detente or the slowing down of the arms race.; Mon Mar 30, 09:32:00 PM
Anonymous said...: Vietnam War:

The Viets had finally gotton to have control over their own gov.and they are divided into 4 zones and so they have democratic elections and the leading party is the communist party led by Ho Chi Minh. The U.S sees this as a threat to capitalistic and they think of the domino theory and how if the communist party wins then, vietnam would be communist and then eveyone around it would become communnist also. So, the u.S suspend the election and come in to stop the communists. well the people are outraged about this and they revolt. The U.S needed reasons to go to war there. The main thing that outraged the americans was the attack and sinking of the USS Maddox which was torpedoed in the gulf of Tonkir (i cant read my handwritng). But there were problems:

1) USS Maddox was within 12 mles of the vietnamese zone and so they had the right to sink it, but hte U.S was incitng the people for hte r b telling lies. os the people dont know what really is happening.
2) They said that ther was a secondship that was sunk, but that was a lie to incite the people of U.S. and again that shows that the people dont really know the truth.
3) the U.S gov. authorizd a blank check to Johnson (president), and so he put a bunch of money and soldiers into the war which was a huge lose for the U.S.

that is how the whole war started.

now the ongoing:

it was a stalemate in vietnam due to the guerilla warfare. the viets would sometimes even hav children throw bombs at the american soldiers and so that made the soldiers wary of the children and massacred any that they suspected.

in the middle of the war, johnson's term was finished and he was the only president not to rerun and so Nixon took his place.
but, nixon was worst than johnson.

near the end the Americans had to give up because the stalemate was getting to them. In Saigon, the place where most americans were, the communists came and started kcking the people out and killing them, so the U.S sent planes and helicopters to get those americans out, and with the americans there were some viets who didn't want to be under the communists and they tried to get out too, but they were killed or kicked away, i think u can see the video on the blog.
over all 5.1 million viets killed.
thats practically what we talked about hte vietnamese war.; Mon Mar 30, 09:32:00 PM
Anonymous said...: woops!! i missed alot while i was typing that!; Mon Mar 30, 09:35:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: we talked about French Indo-China war, and how power went from Fr>Ja>France, and then in the French-IndoChina War, Vietnamese got ind.

Vietnam was divided into 4 zones until elections, but U.S. suspended elections and rigged it so that their own man could win instead of Ho Chi Minh. Southern rebels were the impetus for sending in troops into Vietnam.

escalated in 1964 with sinking of USS Maddox in Gulf of Tonkin

3 problems with this

1. the ship was within 12 miles from vietnam coast, so it was legal

2. they claimed two ships were sunk, only one was

3. congress allowed Johnson unlimitted power in Vietnam

War of attrition

nixonization- escelate war to end it

1973- withdraws

5.1 million killed Vietnamese

Like Nidhi said ^

then we went on to talk about the "healing of Eurpe's wounds"; Mon Mar 30, 09:36:00 PM
madison archer said...: thanks nidhi that helped a lot; Mon Mar 30, 09:37:00 PM
Anonymous said...: ur welcome!!; Mon Mar 30, 09:38:00 PM
madison archer said...: thanks to u too alec; Mon Mar 30, 09:40:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: From there:

-welfare states became prominent in Europe

1957- EEC European Economic Community formed (I believe this carried out the Marshall Plan)
1993- EU, own currency, parliament

Civil Rights- USSR exploited civil rights issues in US to make them appear weak

-many civil rights laws passed in response by Lyndon B. Johnson

Betty Friedan and Feminine Mystique along with domestic containment; Mon Mar 30, 09:41:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: np!; Mon Mar 30, 09:44:00 PM
Anonymous said...: What is HEGEMONY???; Mon Mar 30, 09:46:00 PM
Anonymous said...: hegemony is like the wanting of all nations to be of same gov and economy or way. so like U.S wants capitalism and S.U wants communism for all.; Mon Mar 30, 09:47:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: hegemony is , the idea that influence can exist without imperialism. For example, Truman Doctrin, Brezhnev Doctrine, COMECON, Marshal Plan, Vietnam, and Afghanistan, NATO, and Warsaw Pact.

from wikipedia

"In the twentieth century, the USSR and the USA superpowers fought a world-wide Cold War (1945–1990) via their respective (formal) hegemonies — the Warsaw Pact and NATO — each hegemon speciously justified its imperial war as ideologic (i.e. Communism vs. Capitalism) and not imperialistic, fighting with propaganda and proxy war, to overcome and dominate its nemesis with an arms race (military superiority) and with economic aid (hearts and minds). In the event, each forswore indirect rule (hegemony) to ensure its direct imperium: in Eastern Europe, the USSR suffocated the nationalist, anti-Stalinist Hungarian Revolt of 1956, [8] and, in South East Asia, the USA intervened and then participated in the Vietnamese Civil War of 1955–65; [9] those departures, from the indirect rule of hegemonic empire to the direct rule of territorial empire demonstrated the limitations of imperialism. [10]"; Mon Mar 30, 09:49:00 PM
Anonymous said...: what do we need to no about hungary?; Mon Mar 30, 09:55:00 PM
Anonymous said...: it was one of the places that had a pro-democracy movement cause they thought that Krushchevs de-stalinization included their freedom of choosing their wn government. but it was crushed by the soviet union.; Mon Mar 30, 09:58:00 PM
Anonymous said...: I'm gonna go now! Bye everyone!! Good Luck!!; Mon Mar 30, 10:05:00 PM
Unknown said...: wow i didn't even have to ask questions! you guys answeered them all! thanks alot guys! especially alec and nidhi!; Mon Mar 30, 10:11:00 PM
Nicole Gustafson said...: wow you guys are crazy helpful! I have a few questions if y'all don't mind. SALT? I know the Marshall Plan was to pump cash into Europe...but it keeps being mentioned...what is the gist of that? detente?; Mon Mar 30, 10:20:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: SALT was a set of treaties limitting nuclear weapons production, Reagan was criticized for violating SALT and MAD.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_Arms_Limitation_Talks; Mon Mar 30, 10:23:00 PM
Unknown said...: the marshal plan was one of the things that linked the west with the SU because it was something that they competed with us and came up with somthing similar...i think it was the warsaw pact or was that nato?; Mon Mar 30, 10:25:00 PM
Nicole Gustafson said...: oh cool, thanks Alec.; Mon Mar 30, 10:25:00 PM
Nicole Gustafson said...: Warsaw Pact is NATO; Mon Mar 30, 10:27:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: Detente is on bottom of page 1081

a period marked by cooperation between US and USSR marked by SALT

ended because of

1. Est. of full diplomatic relations with Peoples' Republic of China in 79
2. Afghanistan
3. Reagan's arms race; Mon Mar 30, 10:27:00 PM
Unknown said...: were there any other reasons that the soviets were in an economic crisi other than Afganistan?; Mon Mar 30, 10:27:00 PM
Taylor Hammond said...: Mr.Prill told us that we didn't need to worry about SALT.; Mon Mar 30, 10:28:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: Warsaw pact is the Eastern Europe/Soviet Union equivalent of NATO, but they are seperate military alliances.; Mon Mar 30, 10:29:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: Marshall Plan

Check out this doc

http://nghsapworld.blogspot.com/2009/03/secretary-of-state-george-c-marshall.html; Mon Mar 30, 10:30:00 PM
Unknown said...: molotov plan?; Mon Mar 30, 10:31:00 PM
Taylor Hammond said...: well the US plan was to make the soviets go broke because they knew that they were already economically unstable.
I think? lol; Mon Mar 30, 10:31:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: The Soviet mirror image was COMECON or Molotov Plan; Mon Mar 30, 10:31:00 PM
Taylor Hammond said...: I'm still a little confused about hegemony?; Mon Mar 30, 10:32:00 PM
Nicole Gustafson said...: thanks very much all. What does nonalighnment refer to? And the Velvet revolution was when things were going smoother?; Mon Mar 30, 10:33:00 PM
Nicole Gustafson said...: I feel stupid...:tripartite pact?; Mon Mar 30, 10:34:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: Yeah that was Reagan's plan to initiate an Arms Race the Soviets couldn't compete in. The final blow was "Star Wars" which was the initiative to build a laser system in space to defend from Soviet missiles. It was a mess, but it killed two birds with one stone, it also ended calls for a nuclear freeze movement because defense was more morally correct than offense.; Mon Mar 30, 10:34:00 PM
Unknown said...: dont feel stupid i feel like im reading german...ugh.; Mon Mar 30, 10:36:00 PM
Nicole Gustafson said...: ah ha! I found non-alignment! The group that did not want to be with either the U.S. or Soviets!; Mon Mar 30, 10:38:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: hegemony is basically the idea that influence can be spread through economic ties and intervention without having colonies or "empire"; Mon Mar 30, 10:39:00 PM
Kirsten said...: Tri-partide act was the agreement that officially formed the axis powers. It was an agreement b/t Japan, Italy, and Germany.; Mon Mar 30, 10:40:00 PM
Nicole Gustafson said...: *yawn. bedtime. sleep= :)test
too much studying= :( test.
night. thank you all for the help!!!; Mon Mar 30, 10:41:00 PM
Alec Livaditis said...: good night everyone; Mon Mar 30, 10:44:00 PM
Akshay Gopalakrishnan said...: Ha i didn't even have to ask a single question...Thanks and Gnight...; Mon Mar 30, 10:47:00 PM
Akshay Gopalakrishnan said...: Oh and good luck!; Mon Mar 30, 10:47:00 PM
MCDA said...: Alec=God; Mon Mar 30, 10:56:00 PM
Anonymous said...: ah thank you guys so much!!!
good luck everyone; Mon Mar 30, 11:43:00 PM
Anonymous said...: If anyone is still up I made a study guide

World War II
1.) Axis Powers-Japan, Germany and Italy along with their conquered territories, alignment made between Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy but includes Germany’s ally Japan
2.) Allied Powers- France, Great Britain, Commonwealth allies, Soviet union, China, United States and allies in Latin America
3.) Manchuria-where Japan attacks China for expansion, civilians lost control in the govt. and the League of Nations condemned but Japan drew out of group, Military seized over their own government
4.) Invasion of China-killing thousands of civilians
5.) Rape of Nanjing- Japan bombed cities to soften resistance, raped 7,000 women, murdered unarmed soldiers and civilians, and burned 1/3 homes, machine gunned in open pits, no battlefield, along with China at a civil war
6.) Tripartite Pact- 10 year military and economic pact on Japan/Germany/Italy
7.) Appeasement- policy of appeasement was a failure which Britain and France abandoned it by defending Poland
8.) Anschluss- “union” (Germany and Austria) for reintegrate all Germans into a single homeland, France and Britain did nothing in response, against treaty
9.) Munich Conference- European politicians formed policy of appeasement, Italy/France/Great Britain/Germany, at conference the government of France and Great Britain got promise form Hitler to cease further expansion in German territorial claims, goal was to keep peace in Europe
10.) Nonaggression Pact-Soviet Union and Germany signed, shocked and outraged the world, agreed not to attack each other and neutrality If either went to war with a third party, Stalin takes defense border down, no buffer zone
11.) Warsaw Pact- soviet union controlled signaled militarization of cold war, counter measure to NATO, military alliance of 7 communist nations, matched defense policies of NATO
12.) Blitzkrieg- “lightning war” and sudden victory, Germany on Poland, with air force, roll in tanks/aircrafts/planes (land sky and sea)
13.) Operation Barbarossa- Hitler’s invasion of Soviet Union, largest and most powerful invasion in all of history, caught off gaur, Germans captured Leningrad. BUT underestimated reserves, industry to relocate, and came while in winter! Went to oil fields of Stalingrad, but Russia was ready with counterattack TURNING POINT
14.) Final Solution-attempt to murder every Jew that was living in Europe
15.) D-Day- British and French troops landed on France coast on Normandy, Germans overwhelmed, Germans resistance faded, costly
16.) Lebensraum- Hitler turned sights on Soviet Union for “living space” for resettled Germans and launched Operation Barbarossa
17.) Stalingrad- Germany invaded Stalingrad oil fields, the Battle of Stalingrad is won the Soviet Union
18.) “Asia for Asians”- Singapore was symbol of European power in Asia, this was slogan Japan had implying that the Japanese would lead Asians to independence from European imperialists
19.) Pearl Harbor- 1941, Japanese hope to clear American navy in Pacific so they can conquest South East Asia, Japanese pilots attacked Hawaii, result of US embargo on oil
20.) Cash and Carry- supplying the British, in which the British paid cash and carried materials on their ships
21.) Lend Lease Program-the US “lent” destroyers and other war goods to British in return for lease of naval bases (later extended to Soviets Chinese and others), allows credit and government not involved
22.) Yalta Conference- SU/US/GB, Stalin agrees to enter war on Japan after Germanys surrender, also discussed how to deal with the liberated countries of Eastern Europe
23.) Potsdam Conference- Germany done, discussed immediate Allied control of Germany Austria and boundaries of Poland, Truman gets hostile with Atomic Bomb, also divide Korea; Tue Mar 31, 12:02:00 AM
cori kempshall said...: wow thanx everybody!!! ive been reading this ove and over for the past two hours and its helped a lot!!! NIGHT AND GOOD LUCK!!!; Tue Mar 31, 12:53:00 AM
Anonymous said...: Cold War
1.) Truman Doctrine- partly in response to Greece and Turkey where communist movements seemed to threaten democracy, US committed itself to interventionist policy for “containment” of communism so US sent them money
2.) Marshall Plan- for Truman Doctrine, to rebuild European economies, gave tons of money
3.) Molotov Plan (COMECON)- offered increased trade in the SU ad Eastern Europe as alternative to Marshall Plan,1949 the plan drops
4.) Iron Curtain-
5.) UN (United Nations)- superpowers joined, organization for keeping world peace
6.) NATO- US sponsored, signaled militarization regional military alliance against Soviet Union, goal to maintain peace by collective defense in postwar Europe, When admitted West Germany the soviets formed Warsaw, still exists, Soviets don’t have immediate response
7.) Warsaw Pact- military pact between 7 communists nations
8.) OEEC and EU- the organization that carried out the Marshall plan, 1993- EU, own currency, parliament
9.) Korean War-wanting to unify Korea by force, north Korea went over 38th parallel on surprise attack and pushed back south Koreans, the US got involved because they thought the SU was behind this, US had UN mandate, but the Us went over 38th parallel to China’s border trying to unify all of Korea , then Chinese and North Koreans pushed back all the way to 38th parallel
10.) Domino Theory- id one country became communist then neighboring ones would collapse to Communism
11.) MAD- Mutually assured destruction, is the idea that because both of the superpowers possessed such great nuclear technology, an attack would result in a counterattack and everyone would be destroyed, so nobody dared to attack with nuclear weapons, Reagan was criticized for abandoning MAD when he reinvigorated the arms race. The nuclear freeze movement was a direct result of Reagan's arms race.
12.) 38th Parallel- line that divides North Korea and South Korea
13.) SALT Agreements- Strategic Arms Limitations Talks, try to reduce threat posed by nuclear weapons
14.) Cuban Missile Crisis- Cuba can hit anywhere in the US with missiles, Kennedy gives Soviets ultimatum to withdraw all missiles
15.) Berlin Blockade- is response to Western powers merging occupational zones in Berlin and introduce new currency (German Mark), the SU blocked all roads, rail, and water links between Berlin and West Germany and announced that Allies had no jurisdiction there, response was airlift for 11 months, and US/B/F zone formed West Germany and East Germany emerged n SU zone
16.) Berlin Wall- East Germans were leaving their homeland (communist east Berlin), watch towers, guards, mines etc…
17.) Nikita Khrushchev- wanted “peaceful coexistence” and communist by peaceful means, Hates Stalin
18.) Betty Friedan- wrote the Feminine Mystique, which basically said that women in America and in particular, suburbia were not happy with domestic containment, the idea that communism should be combated at home by having a solid patriotic family, with the father working and the mother providing a solid foundation, filling the husband's sexual appetite, raising patriotic children, and the works. She called this "the problem that has no name" because nobody talked about it openly and psychologists avoided it.
19.) De-Stalinization- questions Stalin’ rule in SU, Khrushchev ends rule of terror and partial liberalization of society, took down paintings, statues, released political prisoners, but no multiparty system
20.) Hungary- most serious challenge to Soviet control, nationalists minded communists in Hungary, after de-Stalinization they wanted democracy/break off Warsaw pact. SU saw as threat rushed in tanks and put in new leader
21.) Brezhnev - justified invasion of Check by, reserved the right to invade any socialist country that was deemed to be threatened by internal or external elements “hostile to socialism” , like Truman doctrine
22.) Prague Spring- in Check, Communist party leader launched democratic socialist revolution known as Prague Spring and promised citizens “socialism with a human face” , when moving to liberal communism the SU take as threat so bring an end to liberal movement
23.) Hegemony- wanting of all nations to be of same government and economy or way. like U.S wants capitalism and S.U wants communism for all. The idea that influence can exist without imperialism. For example, Truman Doctrine, Brezhnev Doctrine, COMECON, Marshal Plan, Vietnam, and Afghanistan, NATO, and Warsaw Pact.
24.) Vietnam- US leaders gave aid to noncommunist Vietnamese in the south after French gone, communists in the north, stalemate, public dissatisfaction, Nixon said he would end it by giving war to South Vietnamese by escalating the war
25.) Détente- reduction in hostility to US and SU for arms race, had agreements of health research/science etc…
26.) Mikhail Gorbachev- helped bring end to cold war, tried to save SU by reconstructing the economy, took away Brezhnev Doctrine, “Sinatra doctrine”
27.) Perestroika- “restructuring” to decentralize the economy
28.) Glasnost- opening of Soviet society to public criticism
29.) Solidarity/ Lech Walesa- Solidarity was an underground political party in Poland. When Poland got its independence from the Soviet Union, this was the main party. Lech Walesa was the first president that was elected from this party.
30.) Velvet Revolution- disintegration of communism in Check, little violence, Czechoslovakia broke off into Check Republic and Slovakia (“velvet divorce”)
31.) Nonalignment- neutral state (where 3rd world country comes from) example: Yugoslavia, China encourages, China launches but India takes lead; Tue Mar 31, 02:45:00 AM